الإختصارات باللغة المكتوبة والمنطوقة !

الإختصارات .

عند قرائتنا لأي مقال أو موضوع باللغة الأنجليزية ، لابد أن تصادفنا بعض الإختصارات التي ترمز لعبارات معينة .

We use many of them in spoken English and some are used only in written form .

فنحن نستخدم بعض الاختصارات في اللغة المنطوقة والبعض الآخر يستخدم فقط باللغة المكتوبة .

نحاول نعطي الإختصار والمعنى ثم مثال عليه :

أقلب الصفحة = ( Please Turn over ( PTO

I didn't know anything was written on the other side of the page . Why didn't you write PTO at the bottom ??

ضد / مقابل = ( Versus ( VS

. International football . Italy VS Spain

شارع = ( Street ( St

The address of the firm is 82 East Dock St , London E5.

قبل الميلاد = ( Before Christ ( BC

The Roman general , Julius Caesar , came to Britain over 2,000 years ago in 55 BC

رقم = ( Number ( No

You must answer question No 1

حاشية الرسالة = ( Post****** ( PS

After finishing the letter to his parents , he thought for a moment and then added " PS Please send more money

(Respondez s'il vous plait ( please reply) - ( RSVP
الرجاء الرد =

The wedding invitation had RSVP written on it , so i replied at once

Personal Identification Number ( PIN

رقم الهوية الشخصي =

To get money from an automatic cash dispenser , you'll need your cash card and your PIN

( Esq )

Esquire = المحترم

( c/o )

care of = عناية الأستاذ / السادة

( Rd )

Road = طريق

Jhon Carter Esq , c /o Mr Waters , 21 Oxford Rd , London

( in )

inch (es) ( 1 in = 2.54 cm = إنش - بوصة

( ft )

foot / feet ( 1 ft = 0.3048 m = قدم

The length of the room is 22 ft 6 in

( Ib )

pound ( s ) ( Ib= 0.454 kg = رطل

( oz )

ounce(s) ( i oz = 28.35 g = الآونس - وحدة وزن

The weight of the parcel was 3 Ib 10 oz

( BA )

Bachelor of Arts = بكالوريوس آداب

The first degree in an arts subject from a british university is the BA

( BBC )

British Broadcasting Corporation = هيئة الاذاعة البريطانية

Non - commercial radio and television in Britain is controlled by the BBC

CIA = Central Intelligence Agency

وكالة الاستخبارات الأميركية

The American CIA works , normally secretly , to collect information about other countries .

UN = United Nations = الأمم المتحدة

The UN was set up in 1945 to keep world peace and help international co-operation .

EU = European Union = الاتحاد الأوروبي

The modern EU grew out of the original European Community , also known as the Common Market .

OPEC = Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries

منظمة الدول المصدرة للبترول

Most countries which export oil belong to OPEC .

NATO = North Atlantic Treaty Orgnisation

منظمة حلف شمال الأطلسي

NATO is a military alliance of the USA , Canada , and most West European countries , Greece and Tur*** .

FBI = Federal Bureau of Investigation

مكتب التحقيق الفيدرالي

The FBI investigates crime in America .

US = Unites States ( of America )

الولايات المتحدة الأميركية

There are fifty states in the US .

UK = United Kingdom = المملكة المتحدة

The UK consists of Great Britain ( England , Scotland , Wales , the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man ) and Northern Ireland .